Efficient logistics operations in warehouses or distribution centers hinge on the proper distribution and arrangement of goods. One critical aspect is the unit load, which often utilizes pallets as the main support. Below is a detailed overview of the types of pallets and their characteristics.
What is a Pallet?
A pallet is a rigid platform used to stack and transport goods. It enables the homogeneous distribution of load and facilitates movement using forklifts or pallet trucks.
Types of Pallets
1. Pallets by Dimensions
- Europallet (1200×800 mm)
- Characteristics:
- Made of 11 wooden boards, 9 blocks, 78 nails.
- Approximate weight: 25 kg.
- Safe workload on the move: 1500 kg.
- Static load capacity: 5500 kg.
- Identified by EPAL markings.
- Uses: Predominantly used in Europe for efficient transportation and storage, utilizing standard truck and container sizes.
- American Pallet (1200×1000 mm)
- Characteristics:
- Approximate weight: 25 kg.
- Safe workload on the move: 1500 kg.
- Static load capacity: 6000 kg.
- Uses: Common in American and Japanese logistics for a variety of goods.
Other ISO Standard Pallets
- Dimensions: 1016×1219 mm, 1165×1165 mm, 1067×1067 mm, 1100×1100 mm.
- Uses: Less common than Europallet and American pallet, used based on specific regional or industrial needs.
2. Pallets by Entry Points
- 4 Entry Points
- Accessible from any side, offering high mobility and convenience in handling.
- 2 Entry Points
- Accessible from only two opposite sides, reducing mobility but may be sufficient for specific applications.
3. Pallets by Material
- Wooden Pallet
- Advantages: Cost-effective, repairable, recyclable.
- Disadvantages: Susceptible to damage, difficult to clean and disinfect.
- Regulations: Must comply with ISPM 15 for international trade, ensuring treatment against pests.
- Uses: Widely used for various goods due to versatility and cost.
- Plastic Pallet
- Advantages: Easy to clean, durable, lightweight, 100% recyclable.
- Disadvantages: Higher cost, can deform under heavy loads, non-repairable.
- Uses: Ideal for industries requiring stringent hygiene standards.
- Metal Pallet
- Advantages: Extremely durable, easy to clean, supports heavy loads.
- Disadvantages: Heavy, high transport cost.
- Uses: Metal and heavy industries where load durability is crucial.
- Cardboard Pallet
- Advantages: Lightweight, disposable, recyclable, cost-effective.
- Disadvantages: Single-use, not suitable for heavy or high-value goods.
- Uses: Ideal for light, disposable loads.
4. Other Types of Pallets
- Reversible Pallet: Identical and usable on both sides, facilitating loading from either top or bottom.
- Closed Pallet: One-sided loading, typically covered by a slat.
- Wing Pallet: Extended edges on sides for better securing with fastening systems.
Recommendations for Loading Goods on Pallets
- Ensure no gaps between pallets to prevent unbalanced stacking.
- Place pallets crosswise for transport efficiency.
- Do not exceed pallet dimensions; use shrink wrap if necessary.
- Know load height and weight to optimize transport and storage.
- Arrange goods for easy handling by forklifts.
Conclusion
Selecting the right pallet type and ensuring proper loading practices are essential for safe and efficient warehouse operations. By understanding the characteristics and applications of different pallet types, logistics operations can be significantly optimized. For further assistance, feel free to reach out to our team of experts.
Do you need more information? Our team of experts will be happy to help you with any questions you may have.
